Which amendment requires a search warrant for the Department of Justice to access telephone records?

The 4th Amendment is crucial in protecting citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures. It establishes the requirement that law enforcement, including the Department of Justice, must obtain a search warrant based on probable cause before accessing a person's telephone records. This amendment emphasizes the need for privacy and due process, ensuring that individuals' rights are safeguarded against arbitrary governmental intrusion.

The other amendments listed do not directly address the issue of search warrants or the privacy of telephone records. The 1st Amendment primarily focuses on freedoms concerning religion, expression, assembly, and petition. The 6th Amendment guarantees rights related to criminal prosecutions, such as the right to a fair trial and to counsel. The 8th Amendment addresses issues of bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishment. Thus, the 4th Amendment is the relevant provision that specifically mandates the requirement for a search warrant in this context.