What type of dispute resolution involves a neutral third party assisting in negotiations between conflicting parties?

The correct answer is mediation.

Mediation is a form of alternative dispute resolution where a neutral third party, known as a mediator, helps facilitate discussions between conflicting parties to assist them in reaching a mutually agreeable solution. The mediator does not make binding decisions or rulings; instead, their role is to guide the conversation, help clarify issues, and identify potential options for resolution. The focus is on collaboration, encouraging open communication and understanding, which empowers the parties to come to a resolution on their own terms.

In contrast, litigation involves taking legal disputes to court, where a judge or jury makes a binding decision based on the law. Arbitration is another alternative dispute resolution mechanism where the neutral third party, known as the arbitrator, listens to the evidence presented by both sides and then makes a binding decision. Conciliation is similar to mediation but often involves the conciliator taking a more active role in proposing solutions and addressing the underlying issues causing the conflict.

Understanding these distinctions helps clarify how mediation specifically focuses on negotiation assistance through collaborative dialogue rather than the imposition of a solution.