What primarily differentiates general jurisdiction courts from limited jurisdiction courts?

The primary distinction between general jurisdiction courts and limited jurisdiction courts lies in the subject matter of the cases they hear. General jurisdiction courts, which are often referred to as trial courts or superior courts, have the authority to hear a broad range of cases, including civil, criminal, family law, and probate matters. This expansive scope means they can adjudicate almost any type of legal issue that arises.

On the other hand, limited jurisdiction courts, like small claims courts, probate courts, or family courts, are restricted to specific types of cases. They only have the power to hear matters that fall within their defined subject area. For example, a family court may handle divorce and child custody cases but cannot hear criminal cases. This limitation is foundational to their operation, as it allows these courts to specialize and handle particular types of legal disputes efficiently.

The other options do not accurately address the fundamental difference between these two types of courts. Geographic location can affect which court has jurisdiction but does not differentiate between general and limited jurisdiction. The types of judges presiding can vary within both categories, and while the number of cases they handle can differ, this is not a defining characteristic of their jurisdictional authority.